CIDR IP Range Calculator

Calculate IPv4 subnet ranges, network addresses, broadcast boundaries, usable hosts, and binary bitmasks.

Usable Hosts254of 256 total
Subnet Mask255.255.255.0/24 (0xFFFFFF00)
Network Address192.168.1.0Route wire address
Scope & ClassRFC 1918 PrivateClass C
Complete Subnet Addressing Table
First Usable Host IP192.168.1.1
Last Usable Host IP192.168.1.254
Broadcast IP Address192.168.1.255
Wildcard Mask (Inverse)0.0.0.255
IP Binary11000000.10101000.00000001.00000000
Mask Binary11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
Next Split Hierarchy (Subdividing into /25)
Subnet 1: 192.168.1.0/25
Usable Range: 192.168.1.1 - 192.168.1.126
Usable Hosts: 126
Subnet 2: 192.168.1.128/25
Usable Range: 192.168.1.129 - 192.168.1.254
Usable Hosts: 126

Understanding Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)

CIDR was introduced in 1993 by the IETF to slow the rapid depletion of IPv4 addresses and control the exponential growth of global Internet routing tables. By allowing variable-length subnet masks (VLSM), organizations can allocate exactly the IP space they need for cloud VPCs, Kubernetes pods, and office networks.

Network Engineering Scenarios

  • AWS, GCP & Azure VPC Cloud Network Planning

    Architect non-overlapping Virtual Private Cloud subnets (such as 10.0.0.0/16 divided into /24 availability zones) for high availability clusters and container services.

  • Kubernetes Pod & Service CIDR Allocation

    Verify node IP capacities and prevent RFC 1918 address exhaustion when configuring CNI plugins like Calico, Flannel, or Cilium.

  • Enterprise Firewall & Access Control Lists (ACLs)

    Derive accurate wildcard masks and CIDR prefixes required for Cisco, Juniper, pfSense, and AWS Security Group routing rules.

  • CCNA & Network Engineering Exam Prep

    Master Classless Inter-Domain Routing mathematics, binary bit shifting, and host calculation formulas for networking certification exams.

Key Capabilities

Full IPv4 Address Hierarchy

Instantly computes Network IP, Broadcast IP, First Usable Host, and Last Usable Host for any prefix from /0 to /32.

Visual Bitmask & Binary Representation

See full 32-bit binary octets color-coded to distinguish network routing bits from assignable host bits.

Subnet Partitioning Explorer

Automatically previews the division of your current CIDR block into child subnets with one click.

Scope & RFC 1918 Identification

Classifies addresses across Public Internet, RFC 1918 Private, Loopback, Link-Local APIPA, and legacy class boundaries.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does CIDR stand for and how does it work?

CIDR stands for Classless Inter-Domain Routing. It replaces the old rigid Class A, B, and C system with flexible prefix routing. The number after the slash (like `/24`) indicates how many of the 32 bits belong to the network prefix, leaving the remaining bits for individual host devices.

Why are 2 addresses deducted from usable hosts?

In standard IPv4 subnets, the very first address represents the Network Identifier (wire address) and the very last address is reserved as the Broadcast Address (delivering packets to all hosts on the subnet). Hence, usable hosts equal 2^(32 - prefix) - 2.

How many IP addresses are in a /24 and /16 subnet?

A `/24` subnet contains 256 total addresses with 254 usable hosts (e.g. 255.255.255.0). A `/16` subnet contains 65,536 total addresses with 65,534 usable hosts (e.g. 255.255.0.0).

What is an RFC 3021 /31 subnet used for?

RFC 3021 allows point-to-point links (such as router-to-router connections) to use `/31` subnets with exactly 2 usable addresses, eliminating the need for separate network and broadcast addresses to conserve IPv4 space.

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